Stoft details how generators can "game" the system—physically withholding power to drive up prices or engaging in "economical withholding" by bidding far above marginal cost. His analysis of the California crisis is a masterclass in this pathology. He shows that the crisis was not just Enron’s malice, but a fundamental design flaw that allowed generators to exploit congestion protocols. Avtech Player Lite Hj Free 82 Rebelde Directorios Hot [2026]
Stoft demonstrates that without a properly designed spot market (specifically a Locational Marginal Pricing or LMP system), the entire market structure creates perverse incentives. He argues that "uniform pricing"—where everyone pays the same rate regardless of location—is a fantasy that ignores transmission congestion. Min Work Top - Sone303rmjavhdtoday015939
If a peaker plant (which runs only 50 hours a year) cannot charge $5,000/MWh during those hours because of a regulatory cap, it cannot recover its fixed costs. Therefore, no one builds peakers. The result? Blackouts.